Essay about Hist204 African American Annotated Bibliography

African Americans Hester 1 The African American race and the events they have been involved in from 1865- resent day, have single handedly contributed to and shaped the race they are today and the issues they deal with now. There are six specific areas of history that had great impact an effect on shaping African Americans, their culture, the society, and even social status to date. These events include The Civil War, this marked the beginning of freedom for blacks or so they thought. It directly relates to and shows how blacks were given something or promised a way of life but treated completely different. It also sparked all types of injustices one being segregation and the long standing feud between southern and Northern whites. The†¦show more content†¦The focus is on racial interactions following Emancipation, the complex relationship between race and class, and how segregation practices varied from state to state. Thomas, Brook, ed. Plessy vs. Ferguson: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford books 1997 Plessy vs. Ferguson was a case in 1896. Plessy was an African American who refused to sit in the â€Å"colored† train car and instead tried to sit in the â€Å"white† carriage car. Plessy was of course arrested for violating an 1890 Louisiana Statue that provided for segregated â€Å"separate but equal† railroad rules. If you used facilities not delegated for your race you could be held legally liable by the statue of the state. Plessy was found guilty in a court to of law against Justice John H. Ferguson residing, on the grounds that the law was a reasonable exercise of the states police powers based on custom, usage and tradition in the state. Plessy ended u filing a petition for writs of prohibition in the Supreme Court of Louisiana against Ferguson. Plessy stated that segregation stigmatized blacks and stamped them with a badge of inferiority. The court found for Ferguson and the Supreme Court granted the cert. This is one of the many events that paved the way for things like the civil rights movement. It put blacks in a state of mind that made them realize they may not be what the Southern whites profess tem to be. It also paved the way for court cases like

Charles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection Essay

When Charles Darwin first developed his theory of Natural selection, he discovered that â€Å"Individuals in populations vary their â€Å"heritable† traits† (Leicht and McAllister, 2006. p. 157). And that â€Å"if a particular inherited trait confers a higher likelihood of survival and reproduction, individuals with that trait will leave more offspring than other individuals in the population† (Leicht and McAllister, 2006. p.157). With this in mind, during project 3 we took pooled data of the entire class in order to analyze extracted DNA to evaluate the genetic variation between the genes TAS2R38 and PV92. The gene TAS2R38 is located on chromosome seven, while PV92 is located on chromosome sixteen. TAS2R38 encodes a protein that is responsible for some people being able to taste bitter things like Phenylthiocarbamide paper also known as â€Å"PTC paper† (Wooding, 2006). Unlike the TAS2R38 gene, PV92 â€Å"does not encode a protein† (Leicht and McAl lister, 2006). It, instead, is an Alu element and uses primers to insert itself in PCR products in order to determine whether or not it is present (Batzer et al., 1994). Since the TAS2R38 and PV92 genes are well known to be easily distinguishable using gel electrophoresis for PCR products, we used them because neither loci will express any fixation or any loss of an allele in small populations (Leicht and McAllister, 2006). Like in any biological field we used a Polymerase Chain Reaction (or PCR for short), which is used to amplify â€Å"specific DNAShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin And Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbaffled to discover that this species has been completely altered. This outcome is a direct result of a ubiquitous phenomenon theorized by none other than Charles Darwin, a prestigious naturalist and biologist. This venerable man was able to unveil many revelations regarding variability through the development of his theory of natural selec tion (Darwin and Huxley xii). Having an inherent adoration toward nature as a young child likely provided a significant incentive. Though Darwin’s thesis is not immaculateRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1399 Words   |  6 Pages(thoughtco). Charles Darwin’s theory clearly state that evolution occurs by natural selection. Darwin published a book in 1859 on the origin of species. In the book Darwin talks about the philosophy of natural selection. Natural selection is when a group of species show variation in their physical characters. This is because of the difference in their gene. Charles Darwin proposed that natural selection acts to preserve accumulate minor advantageous genetic mutations (Darwin’s-theory-of-evolution)Read MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection2372 Words   |  10 PagesCharles Darwin in his theory of natural selection said â€Å" the fittest of the fittest will survive,† and year after year China has p roven they are the fittest by climbing the economic ladder, as Mark Schwartz Vice Chairman of Goldman Sachs and Chairman of Golden Sachs Asia Pacific, claims in his speech â€Å"China’s Economic Success and Opportunities,† â€Å"China is coming out of a period of rapid growth almost ten percent over the last thirty (30) years. In 2013 China’s gross domestic product (GDP) was 9Read MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection2114 Words   |  9 PagesCharles Darwin Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, England, on February 12, 1809. He died on April 19, 1882 in Kent, England (Biography.com Editors). Charles Darwin brought many revolutionary visions to the world of science, including evolution. Charles Darwin was an English naturalist and geologist. He is best known for his theory of evolution, and natural selection. Darwin learned most of his information on the Voyage of the Beagle, and from this trip he wrote a book, Of the Origin of SpeciesRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1408 Words   |  6 Pagesoffspring benefit in result of the heritable genes and eventually through generations, the variants will be spread throughout the entire population (Montgomery, 2009). Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection can be supported through both fossils and homologous structures. A technique that supports Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection is fossils. A fossil is the remnant or imprint of a previous animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form (J, Castro, 2013). Fossils are used and areRead MoreCharles Darwin s Theory Of Evolution And Natural Selection1535 Words   |  7 PagesCharles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on a mechanism that he titled natural selection. Natural selection is, as defined by Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species, the method of being naturally selected for a better chance of survival in an environment. Evolution itself is the process by which organisms develop and adapt over generations. â€Å"†¦ it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any mannerRead MoreHow Did Thomas Malthus Inspire Charles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection? Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesMalthus inspire Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection? Define natural selection. Thomas Malthus stated that the human population would eventually decrease significantly. His reasoning was that there would be a scarcity of food and other vital resources, leaving only the fittest of the species to survive. These â€Å"fittest† of the species would then pass on their traits to their offspring. Darwin used this is a firm foundation for his natural selection theory. Natural selection is the idea thatRead MoreEvolution Is The Biological Ideal For The History Of Life On Earth814 Words   |  4 Pagesof life on Earth. (Evolution fact and theory). It is the process by which an organism becomes more refined over time and in response to its environment. Evolution is about how we evolved; how Neanderthals and cave men evolved into Homo sapiens much like what we are today. It’s about how creatures evolved over time, dinosaurs becoming extinct through natural selection and how sharks have been alive for over 400 million years; it’s all about how natural s election chooses the best qualities and how theyRead MoreThe Theory Of Science And Technology1454 Words   |  6 Pageslive in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace introduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the natural selection involved in selectiveRead MoreThe Scientific Theory Of Science And Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pageslive in today. Charles Robert Darwin was an English geologist and naturalist, best known for his significant addition to the science of evolution. He had a theory that all species have inherited traits over time from common ancestors, and in a partnership with Alfred Russel Wallace int roduced his scientific theory that this pattern of evolution resulted from an action that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the natural selection involved in selective

Prelude to Foundation Author’s Note Free Essays

When I wrote â€Å"Foundation,† which appeared in the May 1942 issue of Astounding Science Fiction, I had no idea that I had begun a series of stories that would eventually grow into six volumes and a total of 650,000 words (so far). Nor did I have any idea that it would be unified with my series of short stories and novels involving robots and my novels involving the Galactic Empire for a grand total (so far) of fourteen volumes and a total of about 1,450,000 words. You will see, if you study the publication dates of these books, that there was a twenty-five-year hiatus between 1957 and 1982, during which I did not add to this series. We will write a custom essay sample on Prelude to Foundation Author’s Note or any similar topic only for you Order Now This was not because I had stopped writing. Indeed, I wrote full-speed throughout the quarter century, but I wrote other things. That I returned to the series in 1982 was not my own notion but was the result of a combination of pressures from readers and publishers that eventually became overwhelming. In any case, the situation has become sufficiently complicated for me to feel that the readers might welcome a kind of guide to the series, since they were not written in the order in which (perhaps) they should be read. The fourteen books, all published by Doubleday, offer a kind of history of the future, which is, perhaps, not completely consistent, since I did not plan consistency to begin with. The chronological order of the books, in terms of future history (and not of publication date), is as follows: The Complete Robot (1982). This is a collection of thirty-one robot short stories published between 1940 and 1976 and includes every story in my earlier collection I Robot (1950). Only one robot short story has been written since this collection appeared. That is â€Å"Robot Dreams,† which has not yet appeared in any Doubleday collection. The Caves of Steel (1954). This is the first of my robot novels. The Naked Sun (1957). The second robot novel. The Robots of Dawn (1983). The third robot novel. Robots and Empire (1985). The fourth robot novel. The Currents of Space (1952). This is the first of my Empire novels. The Stars, Like Dust (1951). The second Empire novel. Pebble in the Sky (1950). The third Empire novel. Prelude to Foundation (1988). This is the first Foundation novel (although it is the latest written, so far). Foundation (1951). The second Foundation novel. Actually, it is a collection of four stories, originally published between 1942 and 1944, plus an introductory section written for the book in 1949. Foundation and Empire (1952). The third Foundation novel, made up of two stories, originally published in 1945. Second Foundation (1953). The fourth Foundation novel, made up of two stories, originally published in 1948 and 1949. Foundations Edge (1982). The fifth Foundation novel. Foundation and Earth (1983). The sixth Foundation novel. Will I add additional books to the series? I might. There is room for a book between Robots and Empire (5) and The Currents of Space (6) and between Prelude to Foundation (9) and Foundation (10) and of course between others as well. And then I can follow Foundation and Earth (14) with additional volumes-as many as I like. Naturally, there’s got to be some limit, for I don’t expect to live forever, but I do intend to hang on as long as possible. How to cite Prelude to Foundation Author’s Note, Essay examples

Country vs City free essay sample

Countryside Looking for a good place to settle is not easy like you finish your homework or your job. I lived in countryside until 12, and then my family moved to a big city. Thus, I have experienced the conflicting living in countryside and a big city. By comparing and contrasting my own experience living in countryside and one in a big city, I would prefer someday to live in a big city because of the modern life, high education, and good health care. First of all, living in a big city is more modern than one in countryside. In countryside, the life is very peaceful and safe. For example, people living in countryside dont have to worry much about how their life looks. They just go to work and make enough money to support their family. Also, everything in countryside seems to be quiet, and the neighborhood is very friendly and generous, too. We will write a custom essay sample on Country vs City or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They can share each other everything such as fruits, foods, and clothing. Therefore, people can enjoy themselves without annoying from anything. Besides, nobody can deny the fresh air in countryside. The less transportation and more places such as parks and gardens make countryside become more peaceful and healthy. Although living in a big city is not peaceful and quiet like living in countryside, people feel more comfortable and convenient. For instance, if you want to go somewhere or to save your money from gasoline, there are lots of public transportations such as the bus, railroad, and train which are always available to support people. Additionally, a big city is often a place where many problems like robbery, violation, rape, etc occur mostly in a city, but the security is always available and ready to solve any problem. On the contrary, people living in countryside lack of this service; for example, if they are in danger, who will be there to save them immediately? The security has to spend at least a half an hour to be there, I guess. In short, living in countryside is more peaceful and none-stressful, but people living a big city usually have enough supporting services for them. The second obvious reason why I prefer to live in a big city is the high education. Everyone wants to have a good job to get more money, and one of the best ways to succeed is education. Nowadays there are a lot of famous universities and colleges, and these schools totally locate in a big city. Most of people try to attend these schools to gain their knowledge, so they tend to move and live in a big city. Also, education in a big city supports the high technology that helps students and teachers easily have a successful academic. For example, the increase in the libraries, laps, internet, etc helps students get information anytime they want. On the contrary, education in countryside is a serious problem. High school graduation rates in countryside are always lower than one in a big city. Many people would think that since the students are not intelligent, the graduation rates are low. Nevertheless, it is not true in this case. Students living in countryside are even more diligent than ones in a big city because there is less entertainment center for them, so the only thing student should do is to do their homework. However, just a few students succeed in countryside. The reason must be the lack of good education. The schools didnt support enough reference books in the library, computers, or even good teachers. These lead to why people living in a big city gain more knowledge than ones in countryside. The last reason I choose to live in a big city is about health care. Nowadays in countryside, government established more health care such as the hospital, clinic, and medical station, and people can get there easily and quickly when they are in trouble. However, what people really need is not the number of health care, but the quality of it. For instance, if you are staying at home, and your heart attack is suddenly relapsed, I bet the health care will take long to put you in a hospital. Also, the countryside hospitals cant be sure whether or not they can rescue you because of the lack of the high and modern medical machines. The result is eventually that you still need to be transferred to a big modern hospital in a big city. A big city is not only a big modern city originally but also a face of a country, so government always supports the best ways and medical services for people. For example, if a country is suffered by a spreading virus such as the swine flu, I believe that people living in a big city will be able to get the vaccine first. Besides, there are many modern medical machines and good doctors that can easily determine what disease a patient gets and then expose the best ways to solve it. All of the reasons about health care above can help us understand how well the health care in a big city is. In conclusion, people have their own choices to decide to live in countryside or a big city. As I can see, most of old people probably tend to live in countryside because they like to have peaceful life and enjoy themselves with the fresh air and quietness. However, other people want their own life comfortable and convenient. For me or even my future family, I would prefer to live in a big city because of the modern life, high education, and good health care.